Culteranismo is a style of writing from the Baroque period in Spanish history. It is also called Gongorismo, named after Luis de Góngora, who started the movement in the late 1500s. It continued into the 1600s.

This style uses fancy and complicated words. It often hides meaning by using many metaphors and complex sentence structures with Latin-based words. The name comes from "culto" (meaning "cultivated") and "luteranismo" (meaning "Lutheranism"). Opponents of the movement used the name to suggest it was a type of false or incorrect poetry.

Poetry from this movement uses many words to say little or hide meaning. It also uses Latin-style sentence structures and references to myths.

Culteranismo was very different from conceptismo, another Baroque movement. Conceptismo used simple words, clever wordplay, and tried to say many things in few words. Francisco de Quevedo, a famous writer of conceptismo, had a long disagreement with Luis de Góngora, where they criticized each other's writing and personal lives.

Other writers who used this style include Hortensio Félix Paravicino.